The Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Macie Marr Mrs. Curran English 4/5 1/12/13 The Bhopal gas tragedy The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident in India, considered one of the world's worst industrial disasters. It occurred on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate gas and other chemicals. The toxic substance made its way in and around the shantytowns located near the plant.Estimates vary on the death toll. The official immediate death toll was 2,259. The government of Madhya Pradesh confirmed a total of 3,787 deaths related to the gas release. Others estimate 8,000 died within two weeks and another 8,000 or more have since died from gas-related diseases. A government affidavit in 2006 stated the leak caused 558,125 injuries including 38,478 temporary partial injuries and approximately 3,900 severely and permanently disabling injuries. November 1984, most of the safety systems were not functioning and many valves and lines were in poor condition.In addition to this, several vent gas scrubbers had been out of service as well as the steam boiler, intended to clean the pipes was nonoperational. Other issue was that, Tank 610 contained 42 tons of MIC which was much more than what safety rules allowed. During the night of 2–3 December 1984, water entered Tank E610 containing 42 tons of MIC. A runaway reaction started, which was accelerated by contaminants, high temperatures and other factors. The reaction was sped up by the presence of iron from corroding non-stainless steel pipelines.The resulting exothermic reaction increased the temperature inside the tank to over 200  °C (392  °F) and raised the pressure. This forced the emergency venting of pressure from the MIC holding tank, releasing a large volume of toxic gases. About 30 metric tons of methyl isocyanate (MIC) escaped from the tank into the atmospher e in 45 to 60 minutes. The gases were blown in southeastern direction over Bhopal. The initial effects of exposure were coughing, vomiting, severe eye irritation and a feeling of suffocation. People awakened by these symptoms fled away from the plant.Those who ran inhaled more than those who had a vehicle to ride. Owing to their height, children and other people of shorter stature inhaled higher concentrations. Many people were trampled trying to escape. Thousands of people had succumbed by the morning hours. There were mass funerals and mass cremations. Bodies were dumped into the Narmada River, less than 100 km from Bhopal. 170,000 people were treated at hospitals and temporary dispensaries. 2,000 buffalo, goats, and other animals were collected and buried. Within a few days, leaves on trees yellowed and fell off.Supplies, including food, became scarce owing to suppliers' safety fears. Fishing was prohibited causing further supply shortages. Within a few days, trees in the vicinit y became barren, and 2,000 bloated animal carcasses had to be disposed of. On 16 December, tanks 611 and 619 were emptied of the remaining MIC. This led to a second mass evacuation from Bhopal. The Government of India passed the â€Å"Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster Act† that gave the government rights to represent all victims, whether or not in India. The acute symptoms were burning in the respiratory tract and eyes, blepharospasm, breathlessness, stomach pains and vomiting.The causes of deaths were choking, reflexogenic circulatory collapse and pulmonary oedema. Findings during autopsies revealed changes not only in the lungs but also cerebral oedema, tubular necrosis of the kidneys, fatty degeneration of the liver and necrotising enteritis. Immediate relieves were decided two days after the tragedy. Relief measures commenced in 1985 when food was distributed for a short period along with ration cards. Madhya Pradesh government's finance department allocated 874 million (US$15. 91 million) for victim relief in July 1985. Widow pension of 00 (US$3. 64)/per month (later 750 (US$13. 65)) were provided. They government also decided to pay 1,500 (US$27. 3) to families with monthly income 500 (US$9. 1) or less. As a result of the interim relief, more children were able to attend school, more money was spent on treatment and food, and housing also eventually improved. From 1990 interim relief of 200 (US$3. 64) was paid to everyone in the family who was born before the disaster. In 2007, 1,029,517 cases were registered and decided. Numbers of awarded cases were 574,304 and number of rejected cases 455,213.When the factory was closed in 1986, pipes, drums and tanks were sold. The MIC and the Sevin plants are still there, as are storages of different residues. Isolation material is falling down and spreading. The area around the plant was used as a dumping area for hazardous chemicals. In 1982 tube wells in the vicinity of the UCIL factory had to be abandoned and test s in 1989 performed by UCC's laboratory revealed that soil and water samples collected from near the factory and inside the plant were toxic to fish. Several other studies had also shown polluted soil and groundwater in the area.Till this day chemicals abandoned at the plant continue to leak and pollute the groundwater. Whether the chemicals pose a health hazard is disputed. Contamination at the site and surrounding area was not caused by the gas leakage. The area around the plant was used as a dumping ground for hazardous chemicals and by 1982 water wells in the vicinity of the UCIL factory had to be abandoned. UCC states that â€Å"after the incident, UCIL began clean-up work at the site under the direction of Indian central and state government authorities.

Interpretation poem

Creative Interpretation Interpret one of the poems from the course In a new material form: visual, sculptural, audio, video, and/or digital. Successful creative interpretations will go beyond portraying the thematic content of the poem and represent its formal, historical, and/or material aspects as well. Demonstrate a nuanced understanding of the poem. Rate a meaningful and complex relationship between materiality and meaning. Show that significant thought and effort has been put into the project. Your interpretation should integrate the complete text of your poem into the project in some way so that your Interpretation could be understood by an audience that hasn't read the poem. Please note that a broadside does not meet the â€Å"significant thought and effort† requirements of this project. 2.Essay Write an essay of 900-1200 words that analyzes your chosen poem and articulates how your artistic choices in your creative interpretation respond to specific thematic, formal, h istorical, and/or material aspects of the poem. Successful essays will give relevant background information about the poem. Offer a thesis statement that clearly articulates how the creative interpretation uses material features to respond to the poem. Analyze specific aspects of the poem? quoting where appropriate?that are relevant to the project's artistic choices. Leary describe how the project uses specific material features to construct an Interpretation of the poem. Be written In a formal academic style. You can assume that your reader has seen your project, so you can focus on analyzing rather than describing it. You can use â€Å"l† in this essay to refer to your choices, but the essay should focus on the poem and the project rather than your pinions, beliefs, motivations, etc. Your creative interpretation will be due in person during our final class session on Wednesday, June 4 at 3:30.Your essay will be due online by Monday, June 9 at 3:mom. Please note: the poem yo u choose for this project must be different from the ones you choose for your micro-essay portfolio and your broadside. Final Project Grading Rubric Creative Interpretation poem, including relevant formal, historical, and/or material aspects. Execution. The choice of medium is fruitful for the project; specific material choices are interesting, meaningful, and effective. Effort. The project demonstrates a significant amount of thought and effort.Essay Poem Analysis. The essay offers a compelling analysis of the poem, focusing on aspects most relevant to the project and quoting where appropriate. Project Analysis. The essay analyzes specific material choices of the creative interpretation in detail. Organization & Writing. The essay has a clear organizational structure, including an introduction, paragraphs with topic sentences, transitions, and a conclusion; the essay uses formal academic prose conventions.

John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men - 1459 Words

In of Mice and Men the characters in the play are interrelated to loneliness and violence through the foreshadowing of events and the segregation between contradicting minorities and the ‘God-like’, more respected characters; which links to events in the 1930s. Steinbeck portrays society as times of disseminated families and maladroitness in the economy. The Great Depression was when the American stock market crashed in 1929 which subsequently left thousands economically deprived and diminished thus leaving them situated in lands of squalor and poverty. As a result, millions of people were left unemployed and their quality of life severely dropped. Therefore, because unemployment rates rose communities were scattered as there were lots of†¦show more content†¦Further to this, Carlson explaining it’s â€Å"that dog ain’t no good to himself foreshadows the latter events when George is hit with the climax of circumstances, George, remembers the words ‘George, I ought to of shot that dog myself, George. I shouldn’t ought to of let no stranger shoot my dog’ which reoccurs to him as a parental figurehead that he should shoot Lennie himself before the brutality of the ranch workers would kill Lennie. Also, Soledad which means Solitude in Spanish accompanies the major theme of loneliness in the society as it is based around the lives of migrant itinerant workers; â€Å"Guys like us that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world.† This is also a metaphor for the other large proportion of marginalised labouring men looking for work to sustain a living. In of Mice and Men the American Dream is a symbol of hope yet oppression. The dream offers hope but its power is overwhelming. Even Candy and Crooks are drawn to the idea. However, the disappointment when the dream ends is crushing. It’s also a false panacea as it’s not really achievable but it’s all they have. It has a unifying effect and creates a bond between the characters, also explaining a part beyond Lennie and George’s relationship. The prospect of the American Dream soothes the characters as from a result of the great depression people were living in hardship and in reality had â€Å"nothing to look ahead to†, therefore in

R. W Seaver Persuasive Essay - 1402 Words

Companies are in a constant war in attempt to surpass and gain more revenue than other corporations who they believe may get in the way of their success. Ira C.Herbert, an executive of the Coca Cola company, addresses R.W Seaver with a persuasive letter regarding the use of the â€Å"It’s the Real Thing† slogan. In response to Herbert’s letter, R.W Seaver, a representative of the publishing company Grove Press, also writes an influential letter and defends the utilization of the same phrase by establishing how Coca Cola would not be affected in providing a clear advertisement towards its consumers. Whereas Ira C. Herbert’s letter contains a direct tone as illustrated by his constant criticism, Seaver’s response is more persuasive due to its†¦show more content†¦His demanding tone comes off as importunate, because his statements are more like commands rather than statements. Herbert assumes that by implementing the same slogan in their adver tising, Grove Press and Coca Cola will complicate the customer’s shopping experience, because â€Å"There will always be likelihood of confusion as to the sponsorship of the goods†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Para 3). In his pursuit to persuade Seaver, Herbert illustrates the negative consequences and how the Coca Cola company will be affected as an effect of invoking the same phrase in their advertising. His argument is built with opinions and is not substantiated by any evidence, hence Herbert’s effort to convince the other party is unsuccessful. As a result, Seaver retaliates Herbert’s remarks by demonstrating how Grove Press’s use of the â€Å"It’s the Real Thing† slogan would not jeopardize any products. It would in fact be beneficial to the Coca Cola company in the sense that the consumer would recognize the slogan and feel compelled to go buy their product. His assertion shows how rather than being harmful, using the same slogans would be convenient to Coca Cola because the reader might â€Å"buy a Coke rather than a book.† (Para 3) Seaver counters Herbert’s argument by providing examples on how their slogan would not diminish or decrease the effectiveness of Coca Cola’s revenue. He then proceeds to assert â€Å"We [Grove Press] would be happy to give Coke the residual benefit of our advertising.† (Para 3)

Essay on Tolstoys Anna Karenina - 3020 Words

Tolstoys Anna Karenina The world of Tolstoys Anna Karenina is a world ruled by chance. From the very opening chapters, where a watchman is accidentally run over by a train at Moscows Petersburg station, to the final, climactic scenes of arbitrary destruction when Levin searches for Kitty in a forest beset by lightning, characters are brought together and forced into action against their will by coincidence and, sometimes, misfortune. That Anna and Vronsky ever meet and begin the fateful affair that becomes the centerpiece of the novel is itself a consequence of a long chain of unrelated events: culminating Annas sharing a berth with Vronskys mother on her way to reconcile Dolly and Stiva in Moscow. And yet, as an epigraph†¦show more content†¦Bakhtins theory of carnivalism, however, only goes so far in characterizing Tolstoys prose, and even though the reliance on chance as generator of events continues, the solipsistic mode of self-analysis and interpersonal distance returns almost immediately af ter the race is over and as the novel continues, becomes the dominant mode of ideological presentation so key to the essence of Annas relationship to Vronsky and to her reasons for suicide. Stephen Oblonsky, the first character we encounter in the novel, is at home in the turbulent and unstructured world that Tolstoy depicts, and lives at ease with the often meaningless turns of fate that occur to him and others. You wish all the facts of life to be consistent, but they never are, he says to Levin in Part I. You want the activity of each separate man to have an aim, and love and family life always to coincide -- and that doesnt happen either. All the variety, charm and beauty of life are made up of light and shade. Oblonsky is aShow MoreRelatedTolstoys Perspective on Womens Rights as Depicted in Anna Karenina817 Words   |  4 Pages Vengeance is mine; I will repay, states the darkly foretelling epigraph of Leo Tolstoys famous novel Anna Karenina. Throughout the work, the author seems torn between feminist and misogynist sympathies, leading one to wonder if the above quote is directed at the adulterous Anna--the only character in the novel who pays for her transgressions with her life. At first, Tolstoy seems to sympathize with Anna, contrasting her situation with that of her brother Stiva, who has also committed adulteryRead More The Characters of Leo Tolstoys Anna Karenina Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe Characters of Leo Tolstoys Anna Karenina          By examining the character list, one immediately notices the value Tolstoy places on character.   With one hundred and forty named characters and several other unnamed characters,   Tolstoy places his central focus in Anna Karenina on the characters. He uses their actions and behavior to develop the plot and exemplify the major themes of the novel.   Tolstoy wishes to examine life as it really is.   Tolstoy gives usRead More Views on Marriage and Divorce in Tolstoys Anna Karenina Essay2253 Words   |  10 Pageswith that of Pierres later marriage with Natasha (among others) and in Anna Karenina, the novel is in some ways two separate stories of two separate marriages. On one hand is the union between Levin and Kitty and on the other is Anna Arkà ¡dyevna and Alexà ©y Karenin. One is a marriage coming together, while the other is one breaking apart. Based on the characterization of the players involved, coupled with parallels to Tolstoys own life it is possible to discern his philosophy towards marriage andRead More Flauberts Madame Bovary and Leo Tolstoys Anna Karenina Essay3834 Words   |  16 PagesFlauberts Madame Bovary and Leo Tolstoys Anna Karenina Gustave Flaubert wrote in Madame Bovary that â€Å"someone’s death always causes a kind of stupefaction; so difficult it is to grasp this advent of nothingness and to resign ourselves to the fact that it has actually taken place† (258). Greater still is the stupefaction when the death is suicide, when the advent of nothing has been self-initiated. For the reader of both Flaubert’s Madame Bovary and Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina, the literary suicides ofRead MoreCharacterism And Symbolism In Tolstoys Anna Karenina1222 Words   |  5 PagesIn Anna Karenina, Tolstoy marks Anna Karenina as a character of sensual beauty and ultimately suffocates her persona with superficiality that inhibits any attempt towards authentic emotion free from the constraint of constant attraction. Anna’s semblance overwhelms any social situation, preventing her from being anything more profound than the most beautiful woman in the room. While each element in Anna’s l ife changes as the story progresses, the rings on her fingers remain constant. The detail placedRead More Use Of Indirect Characterization in Anna Karenina Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesUse Of Indirect Characterization in Anna Karenina  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Russian author, Leo Tolstoy, is famous for his novels, among them, Anna Karenina . It is said that Tolstoy reaches unsurpassed perfection in the realistic art of the novel with Anna Karenina . In the novel Anna Karenina , Tolstoy leads the reader through Anna Arkadyevna Karenins life and all the people who surround her. The reader follows Anna as she sorts out a fight between her brother Stepan and his wife Dolly. Next the readerRead MoreEssay on Themes of Life and Death in Anna Karenina1333 Words   |  6 PagesThemes of Life and Death in Anna Karenina The novel, Anna Karenina, parallels its heroines, Anna Karenina, moral and social conflicts with Constantin Levins internal struggle to find the meaning of life. There are many other underlying themes which links the novel as a whole, yet many critics at the time only looked upon its critical view of Russian life. Henry James called Tolstoys novels as loose and baggy monsters of stylessness, but Tolstoy stated of Anna Karenina .....I am very proud ofRead MoreAnalysis of Leo Tolstoy and His Work How Much Land Does a Man Need?2543 Words   |  11 Pages by Leo Tolstoy was influenced by his life and times. Leo Tolstoy encountered many things throughout his life that influenced his works. His life itself influenced him, along with poverty, greed and peasant days in 19th century Russia. br brTolstoys eventful life impacted his works. Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born into a family of aristocratic landowners in 1828 at the family estate at Yasnaya Polyana, a place south of Moscow. His parents died in the 1930s when he was very young so his auntsRead MoreEssay on Comparing Heroines in Anna Karenina and War and Peace2444 Words   |  10 Pageswomen in their works. The image of Anna Karenina, the main character of the novel, according to Tolstoy represents both a woman, who lost herself. She stepped away from her sacred duties of being a mother and a wife, but she does not have another choice. Tolstoy tries to justify the behavior of his heroine, but at the same time her tragical destiny appears to be unavoidable. Some very poetic motives of â€Å"War and Peace† develop in the character of Anna Karenina. In particular reflects the imageRead MoreEssay about Tolstoys Three Hermits1648 Words   |  7 Pages Between 1875 and 1877, Leo Tolstoy, nobility by birth, wrote installments of Anna Karenina. While writing Anna Karenina,† he became obsessed with the meaning and purpose of life. This led Tolstoy to compose the essay, My Confession, detailing his agonizing religious and moral self-examination, published in 1882. He devoted another three years to the discovery of the meaning and purpose of life. At the close of the seven years of only non-fiction essays, Tolstoy resumed writing and publishing fictional

Case Study on Problems of Ace Auto Dealers †Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write an essay onManagement Information System? Answer: Problem description The main problem which Ace Auto dealers face is regarding their record or database. Ace Auto dealer uses manual recording for their customers and product details. Due to this, separate tables and forms. They find problem regarding target customers identification. As stated by Gehani (2011), knowing target customers is always beneficial for business. On the other hand, separate tables and database creates several problems, which are as, Sales representative of Ace Auto face problem regarding customers informations . That is, sales representative find difficulty in analyzing regular customers Halale (2010). Apart from this, they find difficulty in identifying their past customers Gehani (2011). The separate tables and forms or database create problem in knowing about past and present customers (Hollowell, 2011). It also create problem in knowing about product sales. In context to this Halale (2010) stated, every product sales is different in each market. On the other hand, separate forms create several other problems, for example, in selection process of marketing strategy and channel Hollowell (2011). Apart from this, these all effect the other sub related business activities of organization. Organizational and business impact of problem As commented by Hollowell (2011), every small or big business activity effect the organizational profit and working process. Some of the major organizational and business impacts of above mentioned problems are as As Ace Auto dealers are facing problem regarding their database storage. So, the other problem which they face is tracking process. In context to this Nazareth Choi (2015) mentioned, to run a business in profit range tracking of customers, product sales and other are important. Without proper tracking process, Ace Auto cannot recognize their target customers; market Sarngadharan Minimol (2010). And product sales rate, which will affect their business process. Apart from this, they cannot analyze their product sales ratio and share( Halale, 2010). As stated by Raeesi Sadeghi (2013), these problems will affect their financial stability and performance. On the other hand, improper tracking process will create problem in selection and analysis of marketing network, channel (Halale, 2010). These will affect their business process and organizational activities. Recommended solution, feasibility and objective of solution The major changes which Ace Auto dealer should make is in their database system. They should try to implement electronic database. It will help them to reduce their searching time and increase their efficiency. Apart from this, it will help in making proper record of all customers and product. In electronic database system, there will be separate tables for information. That is, for customers, there will be table in which, personal as well as product choice related information will be stored. With the help of this, process sales representative can easily identify their target customers and market. Apart from this, decision making process will also be improved. Ace Auto dealers should try to implement new database system, as it will help them in many activities. For example, it will help in increasing their profit share and productivity. And it will also help in expanding their dealership market. Different benefits and cost efficiency of solution As mentioned by Hollowell (2011), every process can be cost effective, when employees are trained regarding it properly. The salesman and other employees should be provided with training of new implemeted system (Halale, 2010). It will help Ace Auto dealer to do business in cost efficient manner. Information requirement regarding suggested solution Some of the information required regarding giving recommendation or solution is as Evaluation of regular customers or partners in dealing process. Analysis of buyers and future prediction regarding the product sales. Analysis and evaluation of every customers choice. And analysis of their financial stability and others (Halale, 2010). Information related to each customer. That is, personal information or regarding product. Information regarding other dealers in same market and their strategies. Financial stability of Ace Auto dealers in current time. Technology, management and organization issues regarding solution The main responsibility regarding solution is of salesman and sales representative. They should to keep proper record for their target customers and market (Hollowell, 2011). And they should update database regularly. Apart from this, every employee should be provided with proper technical training regarding new technology and others. Creation of tables Image 1 The table is having 10 customers name with the other details. The customers details are as Customer name, address, phone number or contact number. Some other details in tables are model type name which customers prefer more. Creation of Tables Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 References Gehani, N. (2011). The database application book. Summit, N.J.: Silicon Press. Halale, M. (2010). Management information system. Mumbai: Himalaya Pub. House. Hollowell, J. (2011). Moodle as a curriculum and information management system. Birmingham, UK: Packt Pub. Nazareth, D., Choi, J. (2015). A system dynamics model for information security management. Information Management, 52(1), 123-134. doi:10.1016/j.im.2014.10.009 Raeesi, M., Sadeghi-Niaraki, A. (2013). GIS BASED SYSTEM FOR POST-EARTHQUAKE CRISIS MANAGMENT USING CELLULAR NETWORK. ISPRS - International Archives Of The Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing And Spatial Information Sciences, XL-1/W3, 321-325. doi:10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w3-321-2013 Sarngadharan, M., Minimol, M. (2010). Management information system. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House.

Mahathir Mohamad free essay sample

The longest serving Prime Minister of Malaysia and Asia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad is a hero who brings Malaysia from the third-world country to 17th largest trading nation in the world. His outstanding vision and breadth of principle were impressed and feared by many others world leader. The purpose of this biographical recount is to highlight on his personal life, politic history and achievements. Born as Mahathir bin Iskandar [emailprotected], he is mostly known as ‘Che Det’ among Malaysians. The reason behind this is because during that ra, his father wants to avoid hassles regarding age while registering for entering school’s session. Grow up in a family that emphasized on the importance of academic as well as the teachings of Islam are the secret that makes him as a great leader. Despite being only half Malay and half Indian Muslim heritage, he generally considers himself to be Malay. He is known as the sole fighter of Malay nationalism, who fights for Malay Supremacy or Lordship. We will write a custom essay sample on Mahathir Mohamad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Due to his primary profession as a government doctor, he had to restrain himself from getting involved in either politics or business. However, after he left Government service in 1958 to set up his own medical practical, her politic journey began when he was elected as a member of the Kedah UMNO committee. From Minister of Education to Deputy Prime Minister, he finally reaches the top on 16 July 1981 after the former third Prime Minister, Tun Hussein Onn. Although there was numbers of event, significance and controversial happenings under his leadership include removing of the veto power and the Royal immunity from prosecution, he never give up but stand proud with his own stance without failure. During his 22 years of serving period, he embarked on various large scale national projects, such as the Multimedia Super Corridor, Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) in Sepang, and an adjacent Formula One circuit, Olympic-class stadium in Bukit Jalil and the Petronas Twin Towers that once become the world’s tallest building. In addition, he was considered to be one of Asia’s most influential leaders and also noted as an outspoken critic of Western-style in the Western world. As for Malaysian, he has been granted the soubriquet of Father of Modernization as for his economic development efforts. It is obvious that Dr. Mahathir was a remarkable leader sent by Heaven. Whatever judgments that neither his admirer nor his critics gave, his place in Malaysian history is secure as the amount of efforts he possessed for Malaysia’s peace, security and prosperity are amazingly remarkable.